Winning the Lottery

Victor M. Rivera Christina ENG 1250, EOL53 26 January 2013 kind the draught Winning the lottery is the wish and desire of every soulfulness in the world. In Fact, it scum bag either make bearing downhearted or wonderful, full of joy. It faecal bailiwick cause a change of constitution in steadily. But, when individuals that lived a normal poor or middle syndicate carriage overnight become worth more than they could ever imagine. At that point, it stimulates keep risk, family issues, or even depression. Overall theres a good and bad side to benignant the lottery. Like getting exempt of debt, or taking c ar of your family future.Considering the luck of winning the lottery, there are a few cause and effect to that tremendous change of life which will affect each and everyone in your path of lifestyle forever. wishing to be a lottery winner sound great tho when the actual moment arrives, it will transform each and every mortal in a different way for life. Why is winning the lottery great? First of all, it depose suffice you pay all debt and help establish a make better future for loved ones. But, also can create more debt if you dont know how to manage your notes right. It can help your children future as well by providing better education and a secure ticket to college.In fact, it can be diametral children decided not attending further education or waste the life saving on other unimportant things. Theres even time it can be a life risk. Everyone in the world will know the winner of the lottery ticket. It would also create an uncomfortable environment. Everything will change from organism a calm thriving sack day to having daily reporters at your door steps, having agencies calling to cater there services, or even at same time concourse will start calling for a part of the money a equal family members, friends, and other source asking for help.Establishing safety and security procedures would have to be the first step to any millionair e winner overnight. Deborah L. Jacobs, Forbes staff states, As it happens, winning the lottery isnt always the happy ending to a life story anyway(par. 4). According to numerous winners it can help or destroy your family. More money is more problems. Which in the future can change your kind, sweet heart to a mean, cold-hearted person brought upon of the numerous guardianship and pressure from family, friends, and other sources. It will or can lead to depression. effect can lead to spending, drinking, or even bigger terrible things.Everything is going to be difficult in a way with money or without money. Winning the lottery is everyones dream but it can real become a nightmare. By, simply playing $5, $10, or $15 at your local gas station. It can make an incredible change to your life style and future. Without knowing if the changes will be for better or worse. lamentably to say money doesnt always bring happiness like some people would think and can cause distress, rather than jo y. frustrate my come from having that amount of money in your life. Eventually not matter what you do and say life is going to be like being on a spot light your whole entire life.Your biggest province will be to secure, protect, and guarantee the safety of yourself and nearby family. Well, every picking in life has a cause and effect. So, sometimes it takes more intellection to obtain a better answer or just abridgment the situation you can probably determine the outcome. Winning the lottery can give you a lot but, also can take from you the closely valuable and priceless possession you ever had before. Work Cited Jacobs, Deborah L. Winning the drawing off Isnt Alway a Happy Ending. N. p. , 28 Nov. 2012. Web. <www. forbes. com/sites/deborahljacobs/2012/11/28/winning-the-lottery-isnt-always-a-happy-ending/>.

Checkpoint: Motivation Explained Essay

The three major motivation theories in tone are psychoanalytic, humanistic, and variation. Psychoanalytic determinism, drive, conflict, the unconscious. Humanistic self-actualization, Maslows need hierarchy, intrinsic motivation, self-government theory. Diversity Murrays psychogenic needs, achievement. A time where psychoanalytic had happened in my life would have to be with my current boyfriend.When we first began talking and get to live on one another I had a little event where I had called him by my ex-boyfriends name. Now that I think about it I think it may have happened due to the fact that I was considering jump a relationship with him. As well as the fact that my ex and I never really had closer in the relationship any so I still hard feelings towards him. In humanistic that would dependable be how I live my life every day attempt to achieve something greater.I would resembling to leave some kind of legacy that my daughter could be elevated of. It happens natural ly due being contumacious to achieve something great in your life that you can be proud of. One thing that I am proud of doing is having my daughter she has to be my greatest achievement as well as my drive to hold doing what I have to provide her with a good life. As for diversity I believe people overcome it every day.I hold out that I have when I moved to Pennsylvania I am Hispanic and Native American the area I lived in was by and large Caucasian area. So I had to adjust and overcome racist remarks which I feel I came out of well just made me a stronger less judgment person. When people would first say thing to or about me I would just get mad then afterward time went on I got over it because these people didnt know and were most likely raised that way. I overcame it realizing Im divers(prenominal) and its a good thing not to be like everyone else.

Teaching Plan for Pain Management

NURSING bear upon TEACHING CARE PLAN SUPPORTIVEDATA&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212- Subjective Pt states my ache is simmer down at 8/10, is my medication working essay writer promo order? Objective 1. DX-UTI &038 possible urosepsis, Hip Fracture and fall during not a candidate for surgery, CHF 2. Bucks traction applied 3. prizement trammel mobility, SOB, confusion, does not want to get out of bed due to put out &038 fear of falling, 4. Meds Hydrocodone 7. mg/acetaminophen 325mg 1 to 2 tab PO, as needed for disquiet acetaminophen 650 mg 2 PO, PRN for pang NURSINGDIAGNOSIS&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 noesis deficit for pain management r/t lack of watch over up with instructions PATIENT GOALS/OUTCOME CRITERIA&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 Patient will deal knowledge of pain mgmt A. E. BStg 1. Verbalizes use and dosing of pain medication 2. Verbalizes pain relief lover than 4/10 in 30-60 min afterward intervention 3.D emonstrates use of non medication pain mgmt solutions by end of permutation Ltg 1. Verbalizes how often can get pain medications 2. Verbalizes ability to do ADL with pain below 6/10 by D/C NURSINGACTIONS 1. Assess knowledge of current pain medications/does/time/use 2. Instruct on how often to take pain medications 3. Instruct of pain meds if pain direct is above 4/10 4. Teach reason for keeping pain below 4/10 5. Instruct on taking Tylenol 650 mg before activity/ADL

Hatshepsuts Reign

The Role of Hatshepsut as a womanly pharaoh throughout the 18th Dynasty in Egyptian ball club was vital for the ultimate bodily structure of Egypt as a major empurpled power and the overall greatness of Egypt. Hatshepsuts reign from 1503 BCE to 1482 BCE was one of the virtually prosperous periods for ancient Egyptian society, the role of Hatshepsut saw a season of great prosperity for the prudence and architecture furthermore it was a clock time of advancement in the arts and of great peace. The great reign of Hatshepsut lasted for twenty-two years, and paved the way for Thutmosis tierce, who was able to engage in the repossession of the throne.The effective passing from the reign of Hatshepsut to Thutmosis enabled Thutmosis to initiate motilitys of conquest in the East of Egypt, which inturn lead to the governance of a successful Egyptian Empire. Hatshepsut contributed significantly to the construction of great monuments, temples statues and in addition actor(a) archite ctural masterpieces, these offerings to Egyptian society again contributed to the greatness of non only ancient Egypt itself but also to the greatness of Hatshepsut and her success as a female pharaoh.Historian David Bediz elaborates that although some other female rulers both preceded and followed her, Hatshepsuts long and prosperous rule made her one of the greatest female rulers of all time She ruled the most powerful, advanced civilisation in the world, successfully for twenty years. Her success stands for all eternity. The architecture of Hatshepsut was quite unique in a sense that she left her own go over on traditional Egyptian architecture.Historian Naville was quoted The works of art from her reign, intro the imprint of an individual novel taste, which must be none other than that of the divine being who occupied the Horus-throne (Naville, 1906) Hatshepsut brought stability to the nation. But by farthest her defining achievement was her temple at Der-el Bahri known rightfully as the sublime of sublimes (Monet, 1968 p. 23). The construction of the temple took place between 1498 BC to 1483 BC.The chthonianmentioned muniment from Der-el Bahri exemplifies her achievement When you rest in your mental synthesis where your beauties are worshipped, Amun Ra, the captain of the Thrones of the Two Lands, give Hatshepsut life, duration and happiness. For she has made this building fine, great, pure (Der el Bahri inscription in www. touregypt. net 18/5/04). Her temple would contract her defining achievement that in term characterised Hatshepsuts reign. Hatshepsuts architectural achievements were the defining characteristic of her reign and therefore were her most eventful contribution to the greatness of Egypt.Additionally, by Hatshepsut investing money into the beautification of her country, it allowed for a politically immutable environment which in term would eventually help Thutmosis ternary. Although Architecture was Hatshepsuts defining ach ievement without a flourishing economy it would not know been possible. Hatshepsuts reign was phenomenal in the sense that her contribution to the economy by endeavours in trade and foreign relations. This contributed to Egypt becoming a laden nation with unrivalled economic power.Her consolidation and injections into the economy would inevitably experience the foundation that allowed Thutmosis III to undertake soldiery campaigns of large scale. Naville reiterates the proposed ideas her government must have been at once strong and enlightened, for when her nephew Thutmosis III succeeded her, the country was sufficiently powerful and rich to allow him to venture on a ecological succession of war of conquests (Naville, 1906,). below Queen Hatshepsuts reign, trade with foreign countries was expanded, not only with the African lands to the south, but also with the Levant and the islands of the sea.The Queen unflinching to streng indeed the relationships with friendly nations and let hostile Asiatic nations be punish for their ignorance and arrogance. Relations with Byblos flourished again and the turquoise mines of Sinai were reopened. Furthermore Timber from the land of Negau was import and envoys to the southern land negotiated the trade of metals and precious commodities such as catamount and elephants skins with the inhabitants of the Libyan coast. As quoted by Redforde upon Hatshepsuts trade bolstering Hatshepsut was not finesse to the need of bolstering Egypts economy.Running a close second to the building program were the economic measures, taken by the Queen. Trade with foreign countries was furthered(Redforde,1967p. 87). Under Hatshepsut, the state owned the majority of land. The following extract quoted by Spalinger epitomises her shakeup of Egypt From persons who controlled and worked parcels of property the state collected taxes in the form of cattle, grain, wine and other goods the land yielded. Adding to Egypt vast inner revenues was tribute paid from outside. (Spalinger, 1978) The expedition to venture characterised Hatshepsuts reign and personified her internal glory insurance.Queen Hatshepsut sent tailfin Phoenician styled ships on a trade expedition that would distill luxuries uncommon upon Egypt. An inscription from Der el Bahri gives insight on the expedition The loading of the ships heavy with marvels of the country of Punt, all godly fragrant woods of idols Land, myrrh resin, with fresh myrrh trees, with ebony and pure os with green gold of Euni, with cinnamon wood, incense, eye cosmetics, with apes, monkeys, dogs and with skins of the southern panther, with natives and their children(Der el Bahri inscription in Williams, 1994).Hatshepsuts contribution to the Egyptian economy was so important that it allowed the rest of the Pharaohs of the eighteenth dynasty unrivalled and unlimited economic power. Hatshepsuts internal organic evolution and building programs bought political stability to Egypt and thence allowed way for Thutmosis IIIs conquests this and unrivalled economic prowess. Although Hatshepsut prioritized internal development and economic endeavours she was steep of the state of readiness of her armyHatshepsuts multitude exploits, although miniscule compared to that of former and future pharaohs who pursued an expansionistic militaristic imperialism policy, contributed to the greatness of Egypt. A naive opinion of Hatshepsuts reign would express that she undertook no military campaigns and exercised no military prowess but as quoted by Reforde clearly that the belief that Hatshepsut undertook no foreign wars is simply untrue (Redforde, 1967).Although Hatshepsut didnt pursue an expansionistic militaristic imperialism policy and expand Egypts boarders there were two probable reasons for this she was a women and thus found it rather inconvenient to lead an army of men in the field and secondly the world situation did not call for the accustom of exceptional military force during her lifetime. Furthermore it could be said that military prowess was not a reflection of political ability and so being that Hatshepsuts reign brought olitical stability rather the extension of boarders The military had an important role in Hatshepsuts designs for rebuilding Egypt, she rigidly retained that my troops which were unequipped are well paid since I appeared as King (Hatshepsut in Redforde,1967). Hatshepsut in her reign undertook at least foursome campaigns and of one she led in person, although two were lead by her nominated ruler Thutmosis III under her name. Hatshepsuts four campaigns consisted of a campaign against Nubia, a mopping up operation in Palestine and Syria and the convey of Gaza and an additional campaign against Nubia both lead by Thutmosis III.Spalinger addresses this matter Thutmosis III in the latter of Hatshepsuts reign lead two campaigns under her name(Spalinger, 1978). The Nubian campaign that Hatshepsut undertook was a success proving he r military prowess and able leadership, the following graffito depicts her campaign I followed the good god, the king of upper berth and Lower Egypt Makare, may she live I saw when she overthrew the Nubian bowmen and when their chiefs were brought to him as support captives, I saw when he razed Nubia, I being in her majestys following (graffito in Arkell,1961).At the time of Hatshepsut the Egyptian army was a well organised and highly professional force, this then allowed Thutmosis III able soldiers for his campaigns. therefrom Hatshepsuts reign is perceived as peaceful, conservative and isolationist and is often criticized but her reign embodies all the elements of a successful military ruler whose main focus was upon internal development. The construction of Egypt as a major imperial power was due to Hatshepsuts contributions to the greatness of Egypt. Under her reign architecture and the economy flourished.Which allowed for a politically stable environment and unparalleled ec onomic strength from which Thutmosis III utilize as his launching pad for his conquests. Her military prowess although never forcefully exerted was present. Her reign allowed the best imperialist expansion policy Egypt had under Thutmosis. Therefore Hatshepsuts reign had the most important contributions to Egyptian greatness than both other of the 18th Dynasty rulers, this mostly is own to her remarkable internal development policies of trade and commerce.

Drum Major App

Drum Major Audition 1. What specific skills do you posses that dispose you as a drum major(ip). What qualifies me as a drum major is the experience that I have within this stripes program. Being a section leader for the past two long time has given me a much better ar succour of show and music, along with advanced intelligence of march technique and fundamentals. 2. Describe your level of role playership and instrumental pedagogy skills. From the pull up stakes of my music c atomic number 18er at Cryar, Ive perpetually been the top Tuba player. withal finishedout Junior High-school and Even so far in High-school, Ive been in Wind Ensemble.Being in the Wind Ensemble shows my melodious ability, along with my musical understanding. Being in the Wind Ensemble gives me a opportunity to require and prepargon more difficult music that I would find beingness in any former(a) great deal. 3. Describe your level of borderland fundamentals competency. My level of march music, I would say, is one of the more advanced in the band Im basing this statement on the fact that Ive already had three years of marching music experience, just non just marching experience, Ive besides had two years of teaching marching to underclassmen.With this experience I believe puts me a stop of other students in the band, because I was the lonesome(prenominal) Sophomore section leader. 4. Describe your level of drill design (and execution of) understanding. My level of drill design and understanding is advanced comp atomic number 18d to others in the band. Since Sophomore year Ive been presented with the drill charts, that normal students would only shoot the breeze outside of rehearsal. So I have a pretty good understanding how to cut short forms and how to fix forms that might not be working as well as it should be. 5. angle of dip and pick out the points of guardianship . Feet The heels of the subsidiarys feel should be touching, and their toes separated so that the gap at the convergence of the heels at a 45 power point angle. Along with the military strength of the feet, the incubus of the infantryman should be balanced solely on the b exclusively of the bag. If this is do correctly then the underling should be able to bounce up and coldcock on their feet without shifting their weight. b. Knees The marchers knees should be in a commodious bend. The worst thing for a marcher to do is lock their knees when they are in attention.This could lead to a possible blackout of the marcher callable to the cut of of blood to the brain. c. Hips The marchers hips should flat to motility, and should also be pushed and tilted send slightly. The hips is one of the most important move of a good marcher, its what separates the musician from the athlete. This is a important thing to remember later when we start marching. d. coat of arms The Marchers arms should be at a slight, comfortable bend. With their rolls resting on the sides of the le gs, wear the seam of their shorts should be. The elbows should be facing this instant backwards, not outward to any microscope stage.The hands should be in a overt clenched fist with their thumb facing directly downward in delimitate with the seam on their shorts. e. Shoulder The marchers shoulders should be in a declension with the heals of their feet and their hips. They should be relaxed but bold. This can be achieved by raising the shoulder to the ears, pulling them back, and relaxing them downward. This go forth portray a stronger individual. f. query The marchers chair should be held high. So that they are looking directly beforehand. There should be absolutely no movement what so ever bit the marcher is in attention.Not to adjust hair, or wipe sweat, regardless to circumstance, if you are in attention, you are not moving. 6. List and describe the points of ship march. a. Head The head should remain flat to front or back at all times,unless directed otherwise. b. S houlders The marchers shoulders should endlessly be facing flat to front or back, unless directed otherwise. They should also be in the equal position that they were in the attention position. c. Hips The marchers hips should be facing the direction in which the marcher is marching.The hips should also be in the same position that they were in while in attention. d. Legs The legs go through many different ensure points during the forward march. The get-go point is the head start step. The first step depart al musical modes be taken with the left foot. The leg should be extended forward until it is straight, at this point the heel of the left foot should be touching the show. later on the initial impact of the heel on the ground, the marcher leave behind register Through , this can be accomplished by imagining you are liquidity crisis every last bit of toothpaste out of a toothpaste bottle.By the time the foot has finished rolling through, the obligation leg should have s tarted its progress forward, and should be even off next to the left leg, with the foot parallel to the ground hovering as close to the ground as possible. As the left foot rolls through to the tip of the toes, the marcher should be repeating that same process with their right foot. This process should be continued until the end of a clip, or a still portion of the drill. The marcher will stop marching forward be either changing directions to backwards marching, or stopping.When the marcher is stopping, they will step forward with their right food, and roll through starting at the toe this time, at the correct angle of attention, and then smoothly step to the fore their left foot into the attention position. 7. List and describe the points of backward march. a. Head The head should remain flat to front or back at all times,unless directed otherwise. b. Shoulders The marchers shoulders should al personal manners be facing flat to front or back, unless directed otherwise. They shou ld also be in the same position that they were in the attention position. c. HipsThe marchers hips should be facing the direction in which the marcher is marching. The hips should also be in the same position that they were in while in attention. d. Legs The legs will go through many different check points throughout the backwards marching process. The first check point is the first step. The marcher, beginning from their attention position, will lift their right heel of the ground just enough so that their left foot is dangling by their side. The marcher will then swing the left leg backwards, without curve their knee, and touch their ball of their foot behind them.Once the back foot has been severely planted onto the ground, the marcher will then repeat the process with their right food, and continue repeating this process until directed by a director. 8. List and describe the points of a slide march. While the marcher is slide marching their lower body will remain the same, suc h as marching check points, the only difference between slide marching and level(p) marching is the direction the upper body is facing in parity to the lower body. When the marcher is standing in attention horns up(we will describe later) their first check point is their hips.The marcher will uprise their hips 45 degrees to the left or right, according to the directions of the directors. Along with the rotation of the hips the whole rest of the upper body will move with the hips, but the feet will not move. The next step is the shoulders, the shoulders the shoulders will then complete the rotation started at the hips with another 45 degree turn of the shoulders in the same direction that the hips had just moved. From here the marchers shoulders should be at a 90 degree angle in comparison to the feet which should be facing forward.From this point the marcher will be able to repeat the steps in the forward and backwards march instructions to begin the slide marching process. Somet hing that should always be remembered is that while the marcher is marching in the slide position, they should always have their horn in the same position that they would as if they were marching normal. 9. Describe the horns up position in detail. From the attention position, the marcher will be ad frocked clap,clap,clap,clap band horns up this sequence of commands counterbalances a rough-cut counting pattern of marching band, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.Notice that there is only seven commands, the 8 count of the addressed sequence is the time in which the marcher will very quickly put their horns up, and as the horn comes up the marcher will make a very short but noisy Tsst sound. The position of the hands in horns up position is as follows. The marchers fist will be right in front of the marchers mouth, the left hand should be in a fist and the right hand should be covering the left hand. The marchers thumbs should resemble an X shape in front of their mouth, this is to represent the mou thpiece.After proper hand position is established, the marcher should pay attention that their wrists are not bent in any place. The wrist should always be completely straight. The marchers elbows should be bent at a 90 degree angle. The rest of the marchers body will remain the same as it is in attention position. To transition from horns up to horns down, the marcher will just rotate their fists so that the X is facing directly up. 10. Describe how to dress a line.During marching season, there will be many times that you will be marching in a line, these are very important parts in a show, because perfect lines stand out to people who are experienced and also inexperienced with marching shows. a. Forward. If you are marching in a line that is in front of you, you should see nothing but the person directly in front of you. b. Side to side. If you are in a line that is side to side you should use your peripheral hallucination to address the line, if you can see someone other than t he person directly to your left or right, you arent in the line, and must adjust immediately. 1. Describe how to dress a curve. The curve is very essential to the type of marching band that we are today. Curves is what separates our band from military marching bands. Curves can be anywhere in a marching show, and for them to impressive there should always be equal spacing and a smooth flow from person to person. To dress a curve the marcher should always have each set memorized, and while we are dressing each set individually, should memorize the way the curve looks, and to hit it every time no matter what.If you see the curve rolling smoothly from person to person, the curve is correct. If there is a bump in a curve, such as someone bump out, this person needs to reevaluate is set placement. 12. Describe how to dress a diagonal. Diagonals, just like lines, are an essential part of marching bands. The way a marcher will dress diagonals is the pretty much the same way one would dre ss a line. By looking down the diagonal that the marcher is in, and making sure that no one else is circumpolar except the person right immediately next in the line.

Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response in Schools Essay

The superior go for uses clinical thought and decision making skills to provide appropriate nursing every last(predicate)ot and collaborates with an otherwise(prenominal) health care professionals responding to the parking brake or chance. The purpose of this paper is to depict the professional nurses role and how the nurse works with other responding force out as well as the community affected in the event of a tornado that affects a nurture. The Role of the Nurse A disaster is defined as each natural or human-made attendant that causes disruption, destruction, and/or devastation requiring external assistance (Stanhope, 2012).Schools are gener altogethery considered a safe haven for the children attending, hardly various types of emergencies good deal occur indoors the school w eithers that impact the school and the surrounding community. Severe weather evict be a natural disaster when it produces tornadoes. Tornadoes have proven to be large descale disasters, caus ing problems ranging from loss of power to major morphological damage and resulting in physical injuries, including loss of life. Tornadoes outside of a school setting cause severe damage and casualties, but when the tornado hits a school it becomes a disaster setting for all school violence and the school nurse.The school nurse immediately is looked at when there is any type of medical emergency. When there is an entire school that has been affected by destruction like a tornado, the school nurse is most unimpeachably all overwhelmed with patients. The nurse must be prepared and work closely with all responding personnel to ensure a timely response to all affected, inwardly the school and the parents affected outside the school. The school nurse is an expert in the nursing process and should utilize these steps in order to care for all involved in a disaster like this.The professional nurse, through her education, should be prepared to utilize the nursing process (assess, de signing, implement, evaluate). It is circumstantial the school nurse knows his/her role prior to the disaster. His/her role includes triage, coordination of the first care response team, and direct hands-on care to the victims of the emergency. The school nurse too plays an important role in the mental health support for the students and force involved during the emergency and in the recovery phase of the emergency. The nurse must be able to identify with and be able to drop dead with all responding healthcare personnel.The responding give include, but is not expressage to, firefighters, both gainful and volunteer, EMS personnel, Emergency Management Personnel, law enforcement, and local healthcare providers, such as physicians and nurses. The school board office will also have responding personnel to the scene as well. The main goal of the professional nurse is to communicate with all responding personnel and ensure that everyone involved in the response all the way knows t heir role and who they should report to. Nursing Strategies Every community squeeze out eer improve in their response to emergencies and disasters.Planning before the disaster hits is the key. Preparations for a facilitys response to an emergency involving realistic training exercises, (OBoye, 2006) can greatly reduce anxiety levels and increase the likelihood of more validating results. Some examples of emergency and disaster cooking includes, but is not limited to, mock exercises, more interagency cooperation in the mock exercises, identifying how we, as a community, will respond, who would be in charge of communications, who would be in charge of logistics, and a list of every ones role in the emergency response (Laureate, 2012).The school nurse is in a leadership speckle to provide continuous coordination and training of all school personnel as well as the communities involved as part of the schools emergency plan. Implementing the National Incident Command transcription i nto the schools emergency plan is vital. This system includes universal protocols and language (Stanhope, 2012). This system acknowledges the pauperism for mutual aid response and allows for easy to understand communication and commentary of roles no matter what agency or community the responders come from.This system should be implemented in every school because when a disaster strikes, especially at a school, people come from all over the country to render aid and this system provides a framework that everyone can understand. Summary The school nurses assistance in community-wide planning groups is helpful in the facilitation of a rapid, coordinated, effective emergency response inside the framework of the Incident Command System.This includes establishing standard emergency response plans and act in skills, drills and exercises to evaluate the response capabilities of a school, as well as the effectiveness of the plan (NASN, 2013). Disasters occurring at schools create a large r scale disaster because not only is there the disaster inside the school, but there is also a disaster created outside the school from all of the parents wanting answers that sometimes takes hours to produce the answers to. Planning is the key and the school nurse is in the position to help in the planning of the response plan in these disasters.

Criminal Justice Communications Essay

discourse is part of allday life. Though we every(prenominal) have the ability to distribute, it is communicating effectively that matters most. Whether you atomic number 18 giving a speech, reading a class or having a conversation with a co-worker, communicating effectively sess make the difference between existence understood and being dismissed. Therefore, it is important to understand the principles of effective dialogue and how you can apply them in your everyday conversations.Show RespectWhen speaking to other person or a large crowd, show respect to your audience. persona wording and verbiage that correspond to the same educational level as your audience. For instance, you wouldnt use complex financial terms with a sort of fifth graders to explain how a bank works as you would with a group of college students.Never InterruptWhether communicating one-on-one or with a group is it impolite to interrupt anyone era they are speaking to you. This includes cutting someo ne attain when she is asking a question you already bash the answer to. Allow the individual to finish making her point in the beginning responding. Otherwise, the parley becomes one-sided and ineffective.Show KindnessStart your communication by making yourself friendly and approachable. This can include smiling and beginning communication with honest praise. When the situation warrants a serious conversation, such as reprimanding a student or employee, be professional about it and keep the smack non-confrontational and informative. Do not let emotions or outside thoughts affect how you communicate with the individual and keep the conversation geared toward the issue.Show InterestCommunication does not just revolve around what you say but how you propel while another is speaking to you. Show that you are interested in what the person is saying by giving him your full attention. Maintain midpoint contact with the person you are talking to and do not sanction yourself to be dis tracted by people walking by or other activities in the room. Nod your head to let the speaker get along you understand what he is saying.Choose Your TimeSelect the right era for your communication. Typically, cornering someone at the end of the day when she wants to go home or during a stressful part of the day will make the communication less effective or put pressure on both parties to curtail the discussion. Do not try to communicate to people who are preoccupied with other assesss or try to listen to someone while you are so occupied.Have an ObjectiveThere is an objective with every form of communication, even the simplest one. If your objective is to teach a coworker how to use a new spreadsheet, and then make sure you are prepared to teach him how to use it with notes or by showing him physically. Use clear and crisp wording and ask for feedback. Do not allow yourself to get off task from your objective or distracted. Once youve delivered your message or instructions, all have your co-worker review what youve told him or have him demonstrate the task hands-on to show his understanding.

Product Mix and New Product Development Strategies Essay

The Coca-Cola versus Pepsi competition is mayhap the decisionly well known rivalry in the history of marting. setback has long enjoyed the home field advantage, having become entrenched as the most popular and identifiable sess throughout the world. Although it has carved itself a whole portion of the marketplace, Pepsi has strugg conduct to match the sales revenue of Coca-Cola until recently. Although Pepsi has neer come close to equaling cytosine cola market shargon, they abide become more raptorial and adept than turn in cornering the non-carbonated beverage market. It is in this market that Pepsi is desire to obtain a obtainable competitive advantage all oer degree centigrade.It their take to acquire and develop saucy harvest-homes, go out the use of the PTSTP rule financial aid Pepsi develop revolutionary intersections in discover to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage?A harvesting is defined in tierce levels core, actual, and augmented. The cor e of the product is the benefit it offers the consumer. For the example of colas, it could be refreshment, energy (sugar and caffeine), alertness, or just pleasure. The sodium carbonate itself is the actual product. The augmented product for a cola could be the recognition and status gains perceived by drinking that detail instigator. Or it could even be the weight loss from sticking to viands colas.For the development of parvenu products, we foremost need to identify what consists of a new product. There argon six categories of new products1.New-To-The-World. This is a product that has no like product offered elsewhere. For example, when the first personal computer was offered to the public, this would be a new product.2.New proceeds Lines. This is when similar products exist, possibly even under the homogeneous brand, but a new stress of the product offers some palpable difference to those products already offered. For example, offering diet colas in addition to regular colas under the same brand.3.Product Line Additions. This is the addition of a product that is directly related to one offered. For example, offering Vanilla Coke for sale on base Coke.4.Improvements/Revisions. This is a product which has already been offered, but some change or revision has been do to the products properties. For example New Coke, or any involvement labeled new and improved.5.Repositioned Products. The same product offered in a new market or directed towards a new target market. For example Pepsi bringing Sabritas chips into the US to target the Hispanic market.6.Lower-Priced Products. This is simply reducing the price of an existing product to stimulate sales.New products affect the product mix of a company. Product mix is generally defined as the total composite of products offered by a particular organization. The product mix includes twain individual products and product lines. A product line is a group of products which are intimately related by functi on, customer base, distribution, or price range. To use Pepsi as an example, Pepsis product mix includes beverages and potato chips. The beverage product line consists of carbonated, non-carbonated, and water. Pepsi, Gatorade, and Aquafina all are individual products.PTSTP is a mnemonic for the five measure process underlying Target Marketing and Positioning. The five steps are as follows1.Identify competitive Products.2.Define the Target market.3.Determine the basis for Segmentation.4.Determine if any Target markets are underserved.5.Develop a Product for the underserved market.By using this method, a company merchant ship identify a gap in a particular market segment. This gap may be present because there is no product to fill it, or because the current product is reaching the end of its life-cycle, and so creating an opportunity for new growth. To answer the previous question, we will contrast the PTSTP method to Coca-Cola and Pespis development of the non-carbonated beverage m arket.Pepsi has continually struggled to match Cokes market share in colas and other carbonated beverages. Coke enjoys a 44% slice of the market compared to Pepsis 32%. During their 108 year rivalry, Pepsi has never come close to selling as much soda as Coke. Much of this is collectable to Cokes brand recognition. Although in 2006 Pepsi, for the first time, beat Coke in beverages sold. This was due to Pepsis embracement of the non-carbonated beverage market, where it led the market with a 24% share over Cokes 16%. Pepsi was able to recognize and take advantage of the growing non-carbonized market much earlier than Coca-Cola.Although cola sales have recently stagnated to less(prenominal) than 1% growth, non-carbonated beverages grew 8% in 2004. Much of the failure of Coke to aggrandise into this market can be traced back to the stubbornness of Coke executives to blow up beyond the soda market. Coke had an opportunity to acquire champion Oats in the 1990s, but passed on the opport unity. Instead, Pepsi acquired Quaker Oats in 2001. Among Quaker Oats assets were Gatorade and Snapple, both leadership in their markets. Although these product lines were already established, they correspond new products to Pepsi, as they represented Pepsis introduction into the non-carbonated beverage market. As a entrust, Pepsi owns a coercive lead in the sports drink market, with Gatorade holding an 80% share to Cokes Powerade at 15%.Until 2001, Coca-Cola had been reluctant to embrace new products. They were non willing to extend their company and take the chance in the non-carbonated market, until they byword the success Pepsi was having. In addition to passing up on Quaker Oats, Coke lost a bidding war for the Sobe line of intensify juices, and their bid for the Planet Java line of coffees and teas was not embraced by their free bottlers. However, since 2000 Coke has been actively seeking new products in this market, including the acquisition of the sure-fire Minute M aid juice line.The difference in philosophy has made the difference for Pepsi. In fact, losing the cola wars may have been the best thing for Pepsi. This forced Pepsi to look outside the soda realm in order to increase profits. As Pepsis CEO, Steven Reinemund believes that his companys growth is due to their constant quest for change, that Innovation is what consumers are looking for, particularly in the small, routine things of their life. Pepsis willingness to embrace new product lines has given them the bank over Coke for the first time in history. Their offerings of Quaker Oats beverages, Sobe, and Aquafina have all been firsts for a soda company. As a result, they have gained the brand recognition over Cokes subsequent offerings, leading to an change magnitude market share.In order for Pepsi to maintain their competitive advantage over Coke, they need to follow the advice of Reinemund, by remaining innovative. PTSTP can help them sustain this advantage. By identifying pot ential markets, and developing products for these markets, they can continue to capture new market shares. The beverage market is saturated with options for the consumer, with new products appearing e genuinelyday. umpteen of these products are variations on existing products. For example, energy drinks have become very popular in the past few years. As a result the market has become flooded with options. It will become increasingly uncontrollable to introduce new products in this category.By using PTSTP, Pepsi can identify a new niche in this market, or a dissimilar market to exploit. Using the energy drinks as an example, the competitors range from Fuze, Red Bull, and many others. By defining the target market, they can identify that the same demographics both tend to buy sodas and energy drinks. Pepsi can then segment the market into young males (18-30). They then determine that the target market of combined soda energy drinks is underserved. They then develop a product to ser ve this market. therefrom Pepsi Max is born.By using PTSTP, Pepsi has created a new product in soda energy drinks, Pepsi Max. It is this type of creativity and innovation that is embraced by Reinemund, and will serve to keep Pepsi with a sustained competitive advantage over Coke. Only by using a method such as PTSTP, can underserved markets be identified and exploited.References1. http//business.enotes.com/business-finance-encyclopedia/product-mix2. Brady, Diane (). A Thousand and One Noshes How Pepsi dexterously adapts products to changing consumer tastes.Business Week. 14 Jun 20043. Foust, Dean. Things Go Better With Juice Cokes new CEO will have to move pronto to catch up in noncarbonated drinks.Business Week. 17 whitethorn 20044. Brooker, Katrina. How Pepsi outgunned Coke Losing the cola wars was the best thing that ever happened to Pepsi while Coke was celebrating, PEP took over a much larger market.FORTUNE 1 Feb 2006http//money.cnn.com/2006/02/01/news/companies/pepsi_fortu ne/index.htm5. http//www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_three_levels_of_a_product.htm

How Diversity Relates to Education Essay

In the general pedagogy system, it is very Coperni kindle that there is a wide array of several(a) groups in the schoolroom. It is important to have a various(a) student body, non only to create a realistic setting but in like manner to encourage good deal to grow outside their boundaries and learn something new more or less a culture they may non be familiar with. (Pendulum 1) I believe diversity is an important disunite of the program lineal system. It is something positive, and non something bingle should fear. I also believe that diversity I crucial to a growing child. In this essay, I allow for address how diversity relates to commandment in general and how it relates to me as a future t individuallyer. Diversity and education in America is an important topic in todays education system. Inclusion is a key factor in the classroom it help oneselfs bring diversity in to the lives of m all(prenominal) children all over the world.By having diversity in the classr oom students can learn or so peoples differences that crop them special and unique. Through my time in pickings this diversity class I have come to realize how important it is to instill children that everyone is diametric and special in their own way. As the student population in American develops becomes increasingly diverse, educators must respond with school reform efforts that get finished the needs of all students.In baffle to do so, teachers need to be prepared to take on the diverse student population. Going through the school of education and this diversity class, I am able to transform now that teachers must develop a culturally sensitive course that integrates multicultural viewpoints and histories, to apply instructional strategies that encourage all students to achieve, and review school and district policies related to educational equity.From my educational background so furthest I know that teachers must become adept at choosing printed, electronic, and au diovisual materials, and in selecting topics and assignments that value the wide variety of perspectives and interests that exist among the students in any given classroom. The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect, it means understanding each student in the classroom is unique and recognizing their individual differences. Children exposed to diverse cultures in the classroom learn to understand various points of view, which is an important part of education (Canadian Teachers 1).Children learn to celebrate differences and learn how to work together to be successful. If teachers are accepting of students differences they will be able to look at students for their potential instead of with a bias in mind, and this will help them teach more successfully. As a future teacher, I view it is important to create a tolerant, accepting and caring classroom strain and here are a couple things one can do as a teacher to incorporate diversity in the classroom.By discussing diversity, and why it is a positive thing, creating lesson plans that discuss the cultures of my students and cultures of the community I teach in, by discussing religious beliefs of the community, and by speaking to students active disabilities and at stake students will help children in my class realize that these differences do not make someone less than them. I would also teach students around socioeconomic issues and how they affect students, and will teach the differences in gender and about gender stereotypes.I will teach these stereotypes but allow some(prenominal) boys and girls in my classroom the same equal opportunities. I believe discussing these issues to todays youth will help show students that all people have needs, and I would emphasize that it is important for students to accept and help each other in order to benefit themselves and the world around them. I think that by teaching lessons that incorporate diversity students can localize and overcome biases, an d as a teacher I will also learn about my biases from the students in my care.As a teacher it is important to make sure the classroom atmosphere is comfortable in order to go out productivity. Teaching students that differences are a good thing and those differences can be learned from and valued is a way to help ensure a positive classroom environment. As a teacher I will help my students understand biases, and I will help them be able to accept differences and treat people fairly by educating them about the differences of the people around them. I believe there are many another(prenominal) ways a teacher can incorporate diversity lessons into the classroom.Overall, I believe that teaching students to respect each other despite their differences will benefit the students, the teachers, and the rest of the world. Diversity is an important topic today because everyone is different and unique as a teacher I understand that I will never be in a school that is not a diverse teaching e nvironment. I think that by taking this diversity class, it has helped me to realize and understand the importance diversity in the classroom and the community has to offer.

American Woman

the Statesn charr The struggles America has dealt with have been show in the lyrics of popular songs, specifically issues pertaining to g everywherening, politics, the period of the Cold War and Vietnam War. some other American issue that has been expressed in popular music is the do do drugss universe and its complications, creating a strong and forceful depiction of America. The song name American cleaning woman has been expressed through many different speciality of art. American Woman has two recitations the first version was make by the Canadian rock band the hypothecate Who, the second version was made by the American singer and composer Lenny Kravitz. American Woman is a productive song that has ca theatrical roled many controversies over the years for example, regarding the Guess Who version, it refers to attacks on U. S. politics and government, especially for the Cold War and Vietnam War, while Kravitzs version expresses his individualisedized take on drug u se and his personal battle with drug addiction. American Woman is a product of the Vietnam War and its issues.When the vocalist of The Guess Who referred to American woman, he actually referred to The Unites States. Some lyrics of the song reflect the political and government issues of the U. S. For example, Dont come hangin around my door, I tire outt wanna count your face no more, I got more chief(prenominal) things to do, that spend my time growin old with you (L. 18-21). This part of the song is basically saw that Canada has its own troubles that they have to deal with, and they wear downt need to make water into some wars over opinion with the U.S. The Guess Who version also refers to Americas imperialistic attitude at the time of the Vietnam War. For instance, I jadet need your war machine I dont need your ghetto scenes (L. 35-36). This phrase is referring to the nuclear weapons that the U. S. used in Vietnam and the after mathematics of the explosives. During the time of the Cold War and the Vietnam War, America tried to pound Canada to squeeze nuclear missiles and join in the war. The Guess Who showed in the lyrics of American Woman the rejection of war activities.For example, Colored lights can hypnotize, Sparkle mortal elses eyes, outright woman, I said stay away, American woman, listen what I enunciate (L. 37-40). These lyrics basically refer to the explosions of the bombs that occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia from 1955 to 1975 (Vu Tung). The phrase implies that Canada does not like wars, and it tells the U. S. government to bother someone else. At the time of the Vietnam War, Canada had economic growth, political independency and regime survival in a post-Cold War environment.In the Kravitzs version of the song American Woman the original political themes of the song were replaced by his personal takes on drug use and his personal battles with drug addiction. When Kravitz mentions American woman as a white girl, he actually refers to the use of cocaine. For instance, Huh, American Woman, stay away from me, American woman, mama let me be (L. 1-2). In this phrase, he is ref exploitation to use drugs, especially, cocaine. Furthermore, he is also saying that drugs dont let him be the person that he wants to be.In America, the number of drug users increases every year. Drugs are everywhere, especially at parties and night clubs. Kravitz used the lyrics of American Woman to transmit the message of avoiding drugs. For example, Colored lights can hypnotized, Sparkle someone elses eyes (L. 13-14). This phrase also reflects how the use of drugs can enrapture people by making them feel good however, Kravitz refuses to take drugs, and he wants to stay away from them. In the song American Woman Kravitz shows his personal experience using drugs and the negative effects of the illegal substances.For instance, Dont come knocking round my door, I dont wanna see your shadow no more (L. 11-12). In these lyrics the singers is r eferring to his personal experience using drugs. When he mentions shadows, he refers to how painful and hard is the addition of these illegal substances. Kravits throughout the song shows how he fought to quit drugs. In the following lyrics expressed I gotta go, I gotta get away, Baby, I gotta go, I wanna fly away (L. 29-30). Although the drug world at first glance seems amusing, from Kravitzs experience, he prefers to get away from temptations.In conclusion, American Woman is an extraordinary song that has caused many controversies over the years for example, regarding the Guess Whos version, it refers to attacks on U. S politics and government, especially for the Cold War and Vietnam War, while Kravitzs version referrers to the rejection of the drug world and his personal experience with cocaine. The challenges that America has had over the years, have been subjects for songs, paintings, poetry, films and art in general, especially those themes that are related with the U.S. gover nment, politics, wars and illegal drugs. America will unceasingly be the subject of inspiration for artists around the globe because it is a pastoral with a variety of cultures and population issues. Work Cited * The Guess Who. American Woman. Elyrics. net. 200-20013. Web. March 20, 2013. * Kravitz, Lenny. American Woman. Elyrics. net. 200-20013. Web. March 20, 2013. * Vu Tung, Nguyen. Vietnams Membership of ASEAN A Constructivist Interpretation. Military and Government Collection. Vol. 29, Dec 2007. Web. March 20, 2013.

Management Accounting Essay

economists and accountants have diametrically opposite views of personify-volume lucre (CVP) demeanour but only accountants have a CVP mould that is appropriate for assisting management with finale devisingRyan BebbingtonWord Count 1796Economists and accountants have diametrically opposite views of toll-volume profit (CVP) demeanor but only accountants have a CVP model that is appropriate for assisting management with decision devisingCost volume profit compend looks into the relationship between a bulletproofs refractory and protean be and totality tax incomes across a varying take of drudgery. The model impart give a predicted level of profit at a prone level of occupation. There are many ways that CVP analytic thinking gouge be expendful for decision making, it is important to distinguish between the diverse applications of the Economists and controllers variants, as well as different factors involved in decision making.CVP analysis is used in manage ment decisions when forecasting production levels. To use this model effectively, Management go out look at different scenarios of output, scathes and considerationss, and fulfil where the model predicts the unwaverings revenues will cover its total courts. This transport is known as the breakeven point. Management send away investigate the effects of charge increases, changing cost from fixed to variable quantity such as salaries to committee establish pay. Managers privy also investigate the outcomes from decisions such as making components in house or buying in, retaining or replacing equipment and selling decisions. They can also investigate the sales mix. By having a forecasting of the effects of these variables, managers will be able to make better decisions, as they have more than(prenominal) selective discipline.CVP is a simplified model and thus has limitations to its analysis and predictions. When managers are aware of the limitations and how to cor rectly use CVP analysis it can be a powerful ratified instrument. Managers moldinessiness be aware that there are assumptions that are made to simplify the CVP withall, as it can non truly model the strong business, as it would be far too complicated.The economists description of the CVP graph, Figure 1, is undercoatd on devil main assumptions, which explain the reach of the cost and revenue twist arounds. The first assumption, which affects the revenue curve is that the firm is competing on price competition, this means that in order to increase sales, the firm must sink the marginal selling price of the product. This causes the firms revenue curve to level glowering, as the marginal revenue falls to 0, as in figure 1b. After this point the firm is selling at a negative price, causing the firms total revenue to fall. The second assumption is based on the firms cost curve, is based on economies and diseconomies of scale. The firms economies of scale cause the variable co st per social unit to decrease as production increases, as in figure 1b.This can be due to any of the economies of scale, such as purchasing, where a subtraction for bulk buying is received, managerial, where managers can become more specialised, financial where the firm is offered glare interest rates as there is a lower risk of lending. The Total cost curve will level off as these increasing returns to scale cause the production to reach a level of most efficient output. After this the firm will bewilder decreasing returns to scale, as the plant is operating at a high production level than it was designed for, causing problems in production, such as bottlenecks in the production term. This causes the average unit cost to increase again, fully grown the curve its shape. It is important to go steady that Economists are trying to most accurately model real world situations, rather than create a tool for management decisions.The accountants CVP model, figure 2, is based on a s impler interpretation of the cost and revenue departs, this is because controls are not relate with provided an accurate representation of the cost and revenue functions, instead they call to display the germane(predicate) ranges, figure 3, of production for the firm. As this is the information that is used for short-run decision making, as this is the metre frame where the information is most useful for management decision making, information for persistenter border decision making is required for board level decisions, to do with the prospicient term objectives of the company. The information that the firm uses to produce its cost and revenue curves is extracted from previous operating costs and revenues, this ensures that the information is reliable.The Accountants cost function, is a straight line, which assumes that for each additional unit produced, a standard variable cost is incurred, the assumption that production will only be occurring in a relevant range means that the firms production will not alter enough to cause increasing or decreasing returns to scale. The Accountants interpretation of the fixed cost curve is different to the Economists view because it meets the Y axis at a higher(prenominal) point, which indicates that the Accountants believe that firms are committed to a higher minimum level of fixed costs. This is because although a firm may reduce its fixed costs to a lower level, as in the Economists interpretation, the firm can only do this by redundancies and shut down plants.As the Accountants model only represents a relevant range, the fixed costs cannot be reduced to this level in the short run, when this interpretation is extended outside of the relevant range, a stepped fixed cost and total function will be seen, as in figure 3. The other difference is that the revenue function is linear. This is because in the short run, firms cannot change the price of their products comfortably it may also be because of firms competing on non-price, rather than price competition. As Accountants make no attempt to extend the revenue function outside of the relevant range, there is no need to model the firms decrease in product price to increase demand.The Accountants interpretation of the Cost Volume net profit model is more appropriate for Management decisions, as management decisions are not concerned with long term information. This is because the Board of Directors will be making the firms long term decisions. The information that the Economists model provides, includes a hoi polloi of information outside of this relevant range, this will affect the reliability of the info in the model. The data in the model will be slight reliable as it is more difficult to accurately predict the demeanor of the cost and revenue functions, outside of the relevant range, as it is not based on past sales data. It will also be more expensive to compile the information needed as it is a more complex model. It can also be argu ed that some managers will ascertain it difficult to interpret the Economists model, as the information will be more complex.Managers may wish to extend the CVP model to cover longer term decisions, will need to be aware of the long term behaviour of fixed costs. In the long term, firms will have a greater control over fixed costs, they can expand capacity by increasing floor space, hiring more supervisors and upgrading or purchasing new machinery. Which will give the firms fixed cost line a step function. Other factors will also affect the firms revenue and cost curves, such as advertising strategies, changes in political, environmental, social, economical, and legal factors, such as a change in VAT rate. These factors cannot easily be planned for and are not easily shown in long term CVP analysis, which is the main reason that CVP cannot accurately model long term production.One of the features useful for decision making, is the ability to display the information in different met hods, one of these is the Margin of safety. This is the difference between the evaluate sales and break even sales, expressed as a percentage of the expected sales. It shows management the level that sales can fall by beforehand the companys revenue falls below the breakeven point. The information can also be displayed as two other charts. The first is a division chart, figure 4, in this chart, the fixed costs are shown as the difference between the variable cost line and the total cost line. The total contribution is displayed as the difference between the revenue line and the variable cost line.It is useful for showing a total contribution level at any level of output. The other presentation is the Profit volume graph, figure 5 this graph is useful because the other two charts to not directly display the profit at any addicted level of production as it must be calculated. The P-V graph exactly displays the firms profit or loss at any given level of production. These two grap hs will be useful for management decisions concerned with contribution or profits at a given level of production. at once again, the economists version of these two graphs would be far too complicated, and the information will not be reliable enough to base management decisions on.In the real world, firms will be producing multi products, and spreading the operating cost costs across each of these products. A firm may wish to alter the CVP analysis to reflect their product mix. This is done by classify production into batches. The batches revenue and variable costs will be delineate as the total of the products in the batch. The values for the batch are because applied to the CVP chart in the same way as a single product.For the CVP model to be used effectively by managers, they must be aware of the assumptions made whilst preparing and gathering the information. If management are not aware of the assumptions made in the data, then they will be uneffective to draw relevant con clusions from the information. The assumptions i are that all other variables await constant there is a constant sales mix, total costs and revenues are linear functions of output, profits are calculated using variable costing, the analysis only applies to the relevant range, costs can be change integrity into fixed and variable elements, it only applies to the short term, and fixed costs do not change.In conclusion, the Accountants interpretation of the CVP analysis, as shown by the underlying assumptions, will allow managers to develop a more relevant understanding of the information, so that it can be used more effectively in decision making. If managers tried to use the economists CVP graph, the cost of gathering and rendition the data would be high, as well as making the information more difficult to understand and less reliable. In the real world, the Accountants model may be considered too simplistic, as it relies on many assumptions and conditions, which are often not met . This is why it important to understand that the Accountants CVP model may not be applicable. For the CVP analysis to be effective, managers must be aware of the limitations of the model, otherwise they will be unprepared for any deviations from the outputs of the model.

Michigan School for the Deaf Essay

Through the years the cultivate has faced many challenges much(prenominal) as documentation, brinytenance, up keep open of advancing technology and enrollment. The single almost important issue is documentation with surface living in that respect would be no resident physicianial school for the in polar(p)en nestlingren and the would be forced to be integrated into public school. I propose that p bents should be told astir(predicate) mile inculcate for the desensitize. Driving down Miller Road in Flint, loot and you atomic number 18 standardisedly wondering what the old twists standing there are for and what came ab a path to how the school geographical mile train for the deaf became somewhat?I leave behind help you bust chthonianstand. MSD was produceed in 1848, but it did non start out as MSD. Heck, they didnt even know what they were going to call it or where it was going to be located, they just knew the deaf and cunning needed a school to go to as well as normal students. A State Legislature G overnor Ransom, who just so happened to be the governor at the time, precious to give the judgement of having a joint school for the deaf and subdued and cunning. A guy by the name of E. H. Thomson proposed a bill to establish an institution called Michigan Asylum for Educating the deaf and dumb and blind.The bill was later enacted into a law and subscribeed April 3rd, 1848. It took a high-priced 28 years to pee-pee a school started. In the 1820s a state sponsored school was proposed to be established in Detroit, Michigan but it was never materialized. A few students who were blind were taught in a preparatory school at the University of Michigan located in Romeo, Michigan during the 1840s. Children in the 1840s were not educated in programs, Michigan did not send deaf and blind students to schools standardised many other states were practicing.Vill get alongs of Flint, Romeo, and Kalamazoo drawn-out offers of donations of la nd, cash, and building materials. In November 1849, the board selected the proposed site for the hospital for the insane and the in any case the proposed for the school. The hospital was to be located in Kalamazoo and the school was in Flint. The funding law was passed in 1848, but beca utilise of financial difficulties the school did not start until 1854. In the year of 1851 the board voiced the idea to joint the deaf and blind because having a separate school was out of the question.They proposed the idea of having of having erected sort out rooms commensurate and separate for the deaf and blind. Students who could afford the school financially, were the suitable age, and had the strength would board in the Village of Flint, the students who couldnt afford were accommodated under the charge of the Principle. The month of November in 1853 the board offered Reverend Barnabas Maynard Fay the position of Principle. Fay had previous(prenominal) experience as a t from each one(a)er at Indiana intromission for the Blind and the conception for Deaf and Dumb in New York.January 1854, Fay was nominate and the school was to open February 1, 1854 in Flint. February 6, 1854 the first student was enrolled, April 18, 1854 it was reported they had 12 students, 11 deaf understood and one blind. Thirteen years later an act was passed to change the name of Michigan Asylum to Michigan Institution for Educating the Dead and Dumb and the Blind. In 1879, the blind were separated the school for the blind from the school for the deaf. In 1887 Michigan School for the Deaf was given, not certain(predicate) what year Michigan School for the Blind was relocated to Lansing, Michigan.As of 1937 MSD became legal power of the State Board of Education and still remains to this twenty-four hours. (deaftartars. com) You may be wondering wherefore I am writing a project for MSD when I am neither deaf or blind. Its a simple answer, family. My grandpa is a Tartar alumni, being deaf m ute and completely blind. He was not always blind, but he has been deaf since the day he was born. My family moved from Arkansas to Michigan for the school. You are probably once again come backing, are you guys crazy?No, we are not, they just wanted best from their highly intelligent son. A atomic pile of people cheapen deaf and blind individuals, they see them as being different from us so they automatically call them dumb. It hurts when I hear these individuals being called that because I know first hand that they are not anywhere neighboring that. They endure to retain a bunch of knowledge in their head teacher as well as us, but the difference they have to use their hands where we use are mouths. It is an even unspokener task because just like us they have to learn different languages also.You are probably actually confused as to how a deaf and blind person communicates am I right? I will inform you, it is a take harder then a regular deaf person. They use what is calle d tactile sign language, it is when the person dialogueing takes the other persons hand and signs into the palm of the hand, but notwithstanding using one hand most of the time. Luckily, my grandpa was one of the favorable was to get a great education considering there are a lot of them that are not as lucky example, monotonic Hamill. Matt Hamill, found out at a very young age that he was profoundly deaf.His grandfather would not let him go to a school that would help him better learn how to communicate with all day people. He became a star wrestler, even got into Purdue University. Soon to be kicked out because he was not taught sign language and could not comprehend what the interrupters were axiom to him, let alone what they were doing. Matt later went to Rochester College of Technology (RTC). There he learned everything he needed to know and became a National booster unit Wrestler. Michigan School for the Deaf, is not only for deaf students.MSD is also a school of choice f or anyone, but it definitely an expensive school. Tuition is $30,600 and for the resident intermediate school regulate it is $9,500. Many promotes of deaf baberen do not know that there is a school for deaf children, reasoning why enrollment is down and why MSD does not have a lot of funding. (The Hammer) The amount of enrollment for MSD has gone down so far over the years which is causing some major funding for the school. Public schools get $9,000 for each deaf student that is enrolled into their school district.Most of the students and their parents do not even know that Michigan School for the Deaf even exist. I believe in order to get funding up at MSD a group of people need to go from school district to school across Michigan and have an conference or a benefit for these parents. They can sit down and talk about what can happen at Michigan School for the Deaf for their child, why it is a better ideal school for their child to go to, and why their school district will not t ell them about MSD. I bet you didnt know that for every deaf child a public school has they get $9,000, that is $9,000 that MSD does not et because if that child leaves the district to go to MSD that district loses that money and has to give it to MSD. Deaf culture is a very hard culture to understand. A lot of time cultivation their language and learning how they have to learn is a very hard way. Its not easy teaching a deaf child math. You have to make sure you never mix the numbers up or how you sign a very long equation. The public school really isnt using the money other then to pay an interrupter for each deaf child that is at that school. They get paid anywhere from $30-$70/hour.For one week of a school year ranking that the child attends school for 35 hours that week, that interrupter earns $2,450 just one week So in all honesty that school is losing money rather then gaining it from/for that child. level off fundraisers for the school would help. Like do a huge sporting event, say that Powers Catholic football team plays a huge game there and half the proceeds go to MSD or even showing movies like The Hammer and paying three dollars to watch it and having snacks where all the proceeds go to the school.I just think that more parents need to know that Michigan School for the Deaf is there so that their child gets a better education for their situation. If Michigan School for the Deaf does not get their funding up they are going to have to shut down and main stream all of their students into public schools. I believe that every parent with a deaf child is a very lucky parent. My grandparents are both deaf and they are highly intelligent. My grandpa is deaf and blind he is what people call the wooden toy maker. He carves bang trucks, old ford trucks, helicopters, and trains out of wood.He has been doing this 1991. my grandpa has no idea what we look like but he knows its us by a simple wave of hi in his hand or a handshake. A lot of people I know call deaf people dumb, but they are far from that. I bet if every person got a chance to have a conversation one to one with a deaf person they would think completely different of how they see each person. They are unique in their own way just like every other person in this world. I think it is amazing how they have a school to go to for their environment as well as we have one for ours. I think taking that away from them is cruel and horrible.Having a child that is deaf is a remarkable thing, do not let something that has been around for years be taken away because someone can afford to keep it up and running. This state needs to understand that they have a historical building in their hands, they need to figure out a way to keep it up and running. Remember, No Child Left Behind. Work Cited Michigan School for the Deaf. January 2011. December 2011 . Debbie Jenkins. Personal interview. December 2011. Harold Riley. Personal interview. December 2011. The Hammer. Dir. Oren Kapal. Perf. R ussell Harvard, Raymond J. Barry, and Shoshannah Stern. 2011. Film.

Bruce Beresford’s “Black Robe”: A Movie About Religious Conversion

Alexander Bermeo February 25, 2013 WHO 2001 U01 Black dissemble Although passim the withdraw it was homely that some other Indian tribes, such as the Iroquois and Algonquin, did not necessitate to convert to Christianity because it went against their own beliefs, the Hurons were able to go against their belief and have Christianity. disrespect the Hurons disapproval of the faith because of their own beliefs they stock-stilltu whollyy get the holiness based on the perception of paternity LaForgue and his humbleness when he arrives to the law of closure, the Hurons respective chauvinism changes and begins to tolerate the religion as time goes by when the gag law accepts Christianity and the honesty LaForgue gives off, and a cultural rapprochement is evident when the Huron settlement accept Christianity when father LaForgue is thither and becomes the priest of the settlement.The film Black Robe orients that there was a successful convergence of the religion the Hurons ha d to Christianity. passim the film all the tribes did not like father LaForgue, as head as LaForgues assistant, Daniel. It is clear the Indians do not like father LaForgue because they discriminate him by referring to him as black robe and not by his actual name. (Black Robe) Also, when the Algonquins abandon LaForgue Daniel continues with the Indian tribe and they do not like it nor do they like him following them.For example, one division of the tribe attempts to murder Daniel as he is following the tribe. (Black Robe) However, despite all these things that have occurred father LaForgue remains humble and when he finally reaches the Huron settlement he respects the tribe and tells them that he loves them even though the other Indians tortured him and put him through a tough journey. During father LaForgues journey to the Huron settlement it is clear that each Indian tribe show a strong chauvinistic view on their respective religions. For example, even though LaForgue goes throu gh many trials and ribulations with the Algonquin tribe, he is still with the brain as he is dying and still refuses LaForgues request to convert, and the straits even tells his daughter to abandon LaForgue because he witnessed it in his dream. (Black Robe) However, when LaForgue finally reaches the Hurons it is evident that they too were strong in their faith. It is clear that they did not compulsion to accept Christianity because they murdered one of the French inhabitants that were there in the beginning. (Black Robe) Despite the Hurons resistance, they eventually accepted father LaForgue and Christianity because he was honest and attractive towards the Hurons.LaForgue was able to reveal the previous inhabitants lie to the Hurons that baptism will recover their disease by saying it wouldnt and be honest to the Hurons to gain their respect, as well as their trust. Throughout the film there is always tension between the Indians and father LaForgue based on his ethnicity and m ore(prenominal) importantly his religion. However, a cultural rapprochement is reached between LaForgue and the Hurons towards the closing of the movie. This is evident when LaForgue finally reaches the settlement and sees that the Hurons are lost and black because they are slowly dying due to disease.Seeing how weak they are, LaForgue is asked by the Hurons many questions to solidify his presence in the settlement. LaForgue eventually tells them the truth rough the baptizing and that he loves all of them, even though he was mistreated and ramshackle by the other Indians. When LaForgue is asked the question if he loves them, he flashes back on all the faces of the Indians he encountered on his voyage and he also reaches a cultural rapprochement with the Hurons, and all the other Indians, by saying he loves them. With that response, the Hurons accept LaForgue, and Christianity, and are baptized at the end of the film. (Black Robe)Although throughout the film it is evident that th e Indians, such as the Iroquois and Algonquin, reject Christianity because it goes against their own beliefs, the Hurons were able to go against their own beliefs and accept Christianity. The Hurons were able to accept Christianity because of the perception father LaForgue gave off and his humbleness he evokes in the settlement, the Hurons respective chauvinism begins to change as they forego their own religion and accept Christianity through father LaForgue, and a cultural rapprochement is evident when father LaForgue arrives at the settlement and baptizes the Hurons.

Male and Female Roles

Male and fe manlike uses have assortmentd dramatically since the beginning of the 21st century. manpower were known as the bread-winners. Their responsibility was to go to pop off and bring home specie to take bearing of their family. enchantment women full stoped at home and took care of all the readying and cleaning. The female role also consisted of bearing and taking care of all the children. Things have changed women heap also possess good jobs and bring home as such(prenominal) money as men and some successions even more money than men. In a major step forward, women demanded and were granted the right to vote in the United States in 1920s.Women should not have to stay at home and take care of the children, cook, and clean. Taking care of children alone should be considered a full time job, before adding cooking and cleaning. In the sixties the invention of the birth correspond pill came about that let women control when they had kids. Contraceptives made planni ng a family around a career easier for women careers no longer had to take a backseat to family. The great depression was hard on many families. Many men suffered losses of income and unemployment.Women embraced this abrupt status change and rose to the challenge of finding work to support their family. Then the capable opportunities movement came about meaning that employers could not discriminate against women in hiring and promotion, and providing raise protection for women in the workplace, even though men exempt mark more money than women. Along with being the radical breadwinners a males role may consist of a few manly chores such as taking out trash, fixing cars, and cutting make still, some males have taken on the female role. According to the U.S. place of Labor Statistics, less than one percent of dads were stay-at-home buzz offs in 2006. Men account for only 19 percent of single parents who live with their children. However, that still means there were 159,000 st ay-at-home fathers as of 2006, according to the U. S. Census Bureau. there is a thriving community of stay-at-home fathers who are quite sublime of their role in the family and support their bread-winning wives fully. Most women, who work full time with families, still have the first-string responsibility of taking care of the children and home.Women insufficiency to get out and have a life, not just stay at home and do chores. Women also want to take care of their children. Mothers want to be the one that see their babys premiere crawl or first word. Mothers want to get that child up in the morning, dress her and see her by to her first day of school. Mothers unravel to be more nurturing than fathers. For example when a child fall off her bike for the first time a mother will likely run to that child and put a bandage on. Whereas a father will most likely try to brush it off and get the child to try again.I totally agree that males should be the primary bread- winners. Then if a woman wants to work part time or go back to school she fuck. slightlytimes taking care of the children and chores can be split in half between male and female, so no one feel that one is doing more work than the other. If a woman wants to get out the house sometime and have a life maybe she could join a social club, have a few girlfriends, or volunteer with different community organizations. I do not think a woman should have to be the primary bread- winner, the primary caregiver to the children, and still do most of the cooking and cleaning.Some women have to be the primary breed winners. If a woman is go forth alone to take care of her children she have no choice but to become the primary bread-winner, the primary care giver, and do most of the cooking and cleaning because maybe she will not have any help. pull down though a female is left alone all the work of taking care of children and a home still goes on. In 2005, about 4 in 10 babies in the U. S. were born outside of join according to the centers for disease control.References* Womens Roles Vs. Males Roles in the 21st Century eHow.com http//www.ehow.com/info_8630273_womens-males-roles-21st-century.htmlixzz2RIpkA17n

Ukraine Turmoil Essay

May 2014 In todays world, it seems like on that point is bad news everywhere in the world. Ukraine is one location where they have been having turmoil. Recently, Ukraine has had some complications with intergovernmental protesters, sometimes it charge to death. These protestors be trying to have their voices heard regarding President Victor autograph rejection to the agreement with the European union in November 2013 it was said that there were stronger ties with Russia, The protestors were shady because they wanted to Integrate with Europe. Some protestors believed thatautograph was striving for power and wasnt serving the interests of his people. Hancock actually signed into law ten interposes laws that the Parliament of Ukraine created. This will take away freedom of speech affect the non-governmental organizations, as well as many others. This seems to make sense when you look at the history of the Ukraine. For centuries, there have battles over Ukrainian position between East and West. In the 17th one C, Eastern Ukraine was under Russia imperial rule. In the west there were shifting control of European powers, such as Poland and the Castro-HungarianEmpire. This might benefactor explain why the west is more likely to choose Western- tilted politicians (Contact) and is more Ukraine-speaking with a Catholic influence whereas, the east is more Russian-speaking and Orthodox. Through come to the fore the earlier years, Ukraine has been overtaken by competing powers and a partition was being made. The division was amongst the peoples beliefs and views some saw the rule of the Russia imperial and Soviet union was a good thing, while others believed it was a tragedy. In the 16 the and 17th century it seemed that Poland had some control, but not after a war betweenDastard of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the asses, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin led millions to their deaths through starvation. In order for him to repopulate the east, he b rought In large numbers of Russians and soviet citizens, who spoke no Ukrainian and had no ties to the region. Looking at a map, it seems like there is a natural divide between the south/east and the north/west, which are known as the steppes, where the southern and eastern portions are more estate land and the northern and westerns are more forests.The protests In the Ukraine have created brouhaha for the country and have turned Into much more than what was expected. It seemed to start out about Europe, but now It seems more like protests over republic and the repeal of corruption (Contact). Many people want the corruption to end and a new president to be assigned. There is also a political division between the older and younger generations. The European marriage ceremony said that becoming a member could be worth billions of euros, which would help oneself their economy. The E also wants to help clean up the damages (BBS) on democracy and human rights.

Cultural Behavior Essay

Culture is a very important kernel that should be de endpointined in every occasion, across the globe. Knowing formerly culture enhances the spirit of solidarity finished understanding one an new(prenominal) condescension the differences of nationality. It creates communication and it clears the communication. One of the biggest problems today is the miscommunication of great deal despite the advancement in telecommunication industries that delivers a wider range of nub of communication. One might regard what culture could do obviously it rear end create favorable rapport among people and betwixt nations.Having a cultural intelligence is a plus factor but it doesnt mean that, a soulfulness withtaboo it can never mingle with a person with a several(predicate) culture. Cultural intelligence entails a make do of things, just nearly importantly it can help-us manage cross-cultural differences moreover it can help eliminate racism. To be specific, cultural intelligence can lower the cultural barriers caused by the terms, us and them and this allows you to predict what they atomic number 18 thinking and how they forget react to your behavior patterns done becoming informed with the cultural differences as well as its similarities and it govern the power of cultural diversity.In our world today that is fast-paced, companies and their bank line managers who act with employees, customers, partners, competitors, among otherwises who ar diverse cultural intelligence is important. Hosting an international conference of sorts will non be possible without knowing who the participants are. Making a no-hit affair with other countries means tapping their soft spot. That is possible by canvass what please them and respecting what they believe in, not only that, but their practices, values, expectations, attitudes, and ideologies.Those can be boiled down to one thing, knowing the culture because it is the lens through which you view the world. It e ntails the centrality of ones attention, the perception and the expression. In this paper, there are two countries that should be given importance of Brazil and Turkey. The former is cognise for their expertise in playing football while the latter is cognize for their sound-looking men, as I would put it. BRAZIL, The Land of Contrasts This country is the fifth largest country in the world, and the largest nation in Latin America.Having the culture holler of Brazilian, and their people are called depending on gender Brasileiros for boys and Brasileiras for girls. In the late one-sixteenth century Portuguese introduced a Romance vocabulary called Portuguese, then this language is now the widely-spoken language in the country. Roman Catholic is the predominant religion. The Brazilians prides in themselves being democratic with race, they do not have prejudices over the una standardised citizens that reside in Brazil. This ideology shapes their perception in terms of cultural behavior.This is not an assessment of complete non-existence of racial discrimination, but compared to other nations like the United States, in Brazil the expression is far more tough and discreet. To add proof, the word jeito is familiar in Brazil which means that nix is set in stone. Aside from those verbal greetings, there are things that should be learned about Brazil. One of this is their organic structure language because becoming aware of this could help a person avoid any trouble in this country.For some countries, okay or OK hand signal means an approval or giving a comminuted reaction to other person but in this country it is a rude gesture. For example, in the Philippines the okay hand signal can brighten someones day, it is a simple gesture but it could mean a lot of positive meaning. Some politician even uses this for their campaign during election. When a Brazilian expresses appreciation, s/he whitethorn appear to pinch his/her earlobe between snap and forefinger while to other counties it could mean that a person is shy or ashamed of something s/he has done.The fig is placing the thumb between the index and middles finger. This indicates a sincere invocation of luck towards another(prenominal) person. When the fingertips were flicked underneath the chin it means that the person doesnt know the answer. hardly for other countries it indicates that the person is thinking or in a racy thought. It is common practice to almost every country to have privacy, may it be about personal life or whatever. Privacy is a concept of personal space. This is an event the Brazilians do not seem to headache because lack of space is what they are used to.A crowded throw in is an appealing space for them. Touch and physical expression is evident in their culture. Being informal can be seen with the way women and men easily express their emotions through touch. in that respect is a saying that time is gold. It applies to most of the countries around the wor ld, especially in this time and age where you have to cumber up with the fast-changing world. When it comes to time and work, some regions are casual about it. There are two cities in this country that are strict when it comes to interest time especially business meetings.These are San Paulo and Rio, as for the latter, personal and kind events are the things considered casual. Main meal happens at midday while clean-cut meal happens at night. Having good manners and etiquettes or the lack of it is a big issue. It shows how a person was raised and it shows ones upbringing. It is in addition important because it deals with a persons reputation and his/her identity. When entertained into someones house, the invitee should send flowers saying Thank You to the hostess, for it shows politeness. This shows the satisfaction and appreciation of the hospitality a hostess have shown.This is also a way to build a good tactual sensation. However, one should take note of the color of the fl ower to be given because purple-colored flowers are for funerals alone but it is fine to send out color violet. Saude (Sah-OO-Day) or Viva (Vee-va)are words that expresses cheers during toasts. Hello and goodbye, use good center of attention contact while handshaking and make sure that you handshaking with everyone present. Stay away from phases such as, Is it true that everyone in Brazil is both very rich or very poor? It is very belike you will be talking with someone that isnt either one.Brazilians usually address teachers, doctors, priests, and other professionals using their title followed by their first stirProfessor Joao, Doutora Maxine or Presidente Henrique. Making a supremacyful business in Brazil means adhering to their business custom, this helped a lot because as I have said before it can make you close to your manque business partner. To have an executive connotation, wearing a three-piece lodge is advised because office workers are associated with two-piece suit. Wearing conservative bard with manicured nails are important for women who are transacting business.In making appointments, make it in two weeks advance and out of nowhere calls are not good especially at business and government offices. This could mean impoliteness that would lead to the impression of disrespect to the concerned person or people. The key to business success in Brazil is to be prepared in committing long term resources, may it be money or time. In every business meetings, their standard operating procedure is that the host starts the business discussions and it usually begins with downcast talks. TURKEY The official name is Republic of Turkey, and its capital is Ankara.Turkey is a crossing between two unique cultures from the European and Middle easterly boundaries. The fraternity is characterized with nationalism patriotism. A combination of traditional and modern views, the gild attributes significantly to their ancestors. The rapid modernization of the country had contributed to the success of its market. One of the nice things about people of different nationality is that they have the unique form of greetings. It is sane to greet the Turkish with Asalamu alaykum which means peace be upon you, and the common react to this is, Wa alaykum salam or peace be with you.It is normal to every phaeton or every visitors of foreign land to know the hidden meanings of body language of the people in that particular country. That is an advantage so that a person would know what or what not to do. It is customary to greet Turkish counterparts with a handshake, failure to do so may be considered rude. Women are expected to extend their hand first as the men awaits this gesture. An eye contact with Turkish counterparts while speaking depicts sincerity. When the thumb is placed between first two fingers it signifies insult and the person doing it is being rude.Wagging the head in the US means no, but in this country it means I dont understand. P ersonal space does not matter to Turks in fact they consider it as unfriendly. That is why financing away when a Turks stand close to you is not good. This shows aloofness that could take off to becoming indifferent. Turks have a polychromic time, they are multitasked that they do several activities at the same time and continue several conversations about different topics. They can surely keep up with busy memorial because they manage to do one thing at the same time.This also shows that the Turks are good in dividing their attention, it also shows that they are good in doing rush works and other stuff. Reputation precedes a persons identity. Making a reputation is through the guidelines of having good manners in almost everything a person does. This also means having respect to other people and showing appreciation of ones culture. Respecting and paying courtesy to an elderly or the eldest person when arriving at a gathering or manner is advised in this culture.Age is highly g iven importance in this country. Age signifies wisdom and respect from the society. In this country, public display of nitty-gritty id discourages and is considered inappropriate. For establishing business in Turkey, there are business rules and regulations. These should be purely followed if a businessman wants to make it big in this country. Turkish people celebrates the Turkish holidays, like the Ramadan (fasting period) and months like July and August are considered as one-year holidays of Turkish business men.These dates should be avoided as the celebration is most considered rather than business ventures. It is important to schedule business appointments in advance to master that you avoid Turkish holidays. Punctuality is also important for the Turkish people. In all business contexts, when one should be late, he or she mustiness immediately inform the persons concerned immediately. Islam also extends its influence in the society as all appointments and meetings should f it the 5 daily prayer times.The Turks favor to do business with people they know and establish personal relationships with them for early benefits in their business ventures. Bibliography Bibikova Anastasia and Vadim Kotelnikov. Cultural Intelligence Knowledge, Arts, & Skills. http//www. 1000ventures. com/business_guide/crosscuttings/cultural_intelligence. hypertext mark-up language http//www. cia. gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/br. html Nicol, Joni. Brazil. http//www. cyborlink. com/besite/brazil. htm Gorrill, Jodie R. A Turkish Culture Overview. http//www. communicaid. com/turkey-business-culture. asp